Produced | 2015 |
---|---|
Common manufacturer(s) | |
Min. feature size | 28 nm bulk silicon (GF28A)[1] |
Instruction set | AMD64 (x86-64) |
Core name(s) | |
Predecessor | Steamroller – Family 15h (3rd-gen) |
Successor | Zen |
AMD Excavator Family 15h is a microarchitecture developed by AMD to succeed Steamroller Family 15h for use in AMD APU processors. On October 12, 2011, AMD revealed Excavator to be the code name for the fourth-generation Bulldozer-derived core.
The Excavator-based APU for mainstream applications is called Carrizo and was released in 2015.[2][3]The Carrizo APU is designed to be HSA 1.0 compliant.[4]An Excavator-based APU and CPU variant named Toronto for server and enterprise markets was also produced.[5]
Excavator was the final revision of the 'Bulldozer' family, with two new microarchitectures replacing Excavator a year later.[6][7]Excavator was succeeded by the x86-64Zen architecture in early 2017.[8][9]
- 2Processors
- 2.1APU lines
Architecture[edit]
Excavator added hardware support for new instructions such as AVX2, BMI2 and RdRand.[10]Excavator is designed using High Density (aka 'Thin') Libraries normally used for GPUs to reduce electric energy consumption and die size, delivering a 30 percent increase in efficient energy use.[11] Excavator can process up to 15% more instructions per clock compared to AMD's previous core Steamroller.[12]
Processors[edit]
APU lines[edit]
There are three APU lines announced or released:
- Budget and mainstream markets (mobile only): Carrizo APU
- The Carrizo mobile APUs were launched in 2015 based on Excavator x86 cores and featuring Heterogeneous System Architecture for integrated task sharing between CPUs and GPUs, which allows a GPU to perform compute functions, which is claimed provide greater performance increases than shrinking the feature size alone.[4]
- Budget and mainstream markets (desktop and mobile): Bristol Ridge, and Stoney Ridge (for entry level notebooks), APUs[13]
- Bristol Ridge APUs utilize socket AM4 and DDR4 RAM
- Bristol Ridge APUs have up to 4 Excavator CPU cores and up to 8 3rd generation GCN GPU cores
- Up to a 20% CPU performance increase over Carrizo
- TDP of 15W to 65W, 15–35W for mobile
- Enterprise and server markets: Toronto APU
- The Toronto APU for server and enterprise markets featured four x86 Excavator CPU core modules and Volcanic Islands integrated GPU core.
- The Excavator four modular cores has a greater advantage with IPC than Steamroller. The improvement is 4–15%.
- Support for HSA/hUMA, DDR3/DDR4, PCIe 3.0, GCN 1.2[4][5][9]
- The Toronto APU was available in BGA and SoC variants. The SoC variant had the southbridge on the same die as the APU to save space and power and to optimize workloads.
- A complete system with a Toronto APU would have a maximum power usage of 70 W.[5]
CPU Desktop lines[edit]
There are no plans for Steamroller (3rd gen Bulldozer) or Excavator (4th gen Bulldozer) architectures on high-end desktop platforms.
Excavator CPU for Desktop announced on 2nd Feb 2016, named Athlon X4 845.[14]
CPU model | Frequency (GHz) | Cores | TDP (Watt) | L1D cache | L2 cache | PCI Express 3.0 | Relative IPC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Athlon X4 845 (Carrizo) | 3.5 (3.8 turbo) | 4 | 65 | 4*32KB | 2*1MB | X8 | 1.05–1.15 |
Athlon X4 860K (Kaveri) | 3.7 (4.0 turbo) | 4 | 95 | 4*16KB | 2*2MB | X16 | 1.0 |
Server lines[edit]
The AMD Opteron roadmaps for 2015 show the Excavator-based Toronto APU and Toronto CPU intended for 1 Processor (1P) cluster applications:[5]
- For 1P Web and Enterprise Services Clusters:
- Toronto CPU – quad-core x86 Excavator architecture
- plans for Cambridge CPU – 64-bit AArch64 core
- For 1P Compute and Media Clusters:
- Toronto APU – quad-core x86 Excavator architecture
- For 2P/4P Servers:
- Warsaw CPU – 12/16 core x86 Piledriver (2nd gen Bulldozer) (Opteron 6338P and 6370P)
- no plans for Steamroller (3rd gen Bulldozer) or Excavator (4th gen Bulldozer) architectures on high-end multi-processor platforms
References[edit]
- ^http://www.extremetech.com/computing/176919-amd-leak-confirms-that-excavator-apu-will-be-28nm-and-that-some-production-is-moving-back-to-globalfoundries
- ^Reynolds, Sam (October 31, 2013). 'New confirmed details on AMD's 2014 APU lineup, Kaveri delayed'. Vr-zone.com. Retrieved November 24, 2013.
- ^'AMD updates product roadmap for 2014 and 2015'. Digitimes.com. August 26, 2013. Retrieved November 24, 2013.
- ^ abcHachman, Mark (November 21, 2014). 'AMD reveals high-end 'Carrizo' APU, the first chip to fully embrace audacious HSA tech'. PCWorld. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
- ^ abcdMujtaba, Hassan (December 26, 2013). 'AMD Opteron Roadmap Reveals Next Generation Toronto and Carrizo APU Details'. WCCF Tech. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
- ^http://www.bit-tech.net/news/hardware/2014/09/11/amd-zen/1
- ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 2014-05-13. Retrieved 2014-05-22.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
- ^Moammer, Khalid (September 9, 2014). 'AMD's Next Gen x86 High Performance Core is Zen'. WCCF Tech. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
- ^ abMujtaba, Hassan (May 5, 2014). 'AMD Announces 2014-2016 Roadmap – 20nm Project SkyBridge and K12 64-bit ARM Cores For 2016'. WCCF Tech. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
- ^'AMDs Carrizo architecture detailed and explored'. Extremetech.com. June 2, 2015. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
- ^http://www.tomshardware.com/news/Steamroller-High_Density_Libraries-hot-chips-cpu-gpu,17218.html
- ^http://wccftech.com/amd-carrizo-apu-architecture-hot-chips/
- ^Cutress, Ian (1 June 2016). 'AMD Announces 7th Generation APU'. Anandtech.com. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
- ^Jeff Kampman (2 February 2016). 'AMD puts Excavator on the desktop with the Athlon X4 845'.
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Bulldozer is the name of two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
- 2Fictional character biography
- 4Other versions
- 5In other media
Publication history[edit]
Henry Camp first appeared in The Defenders #17 (November 1974) and was created by Len Wein and Sal Buscema.
Marci Camp first appeared in Fantastic Four Vol. 5 #3. She was created by James Robinson and Leonard Kirk.
Fictional character biography[edit]
Henry Camp[edit]
Bulldozer | |
---|---|
Bulldozer | |
Publication information | |
Publisher | Marvel Comics |
First appearance | The Defenders #17 (Nov. 1974) |
Created by | Len Wein Sal Buscema |
In-story information | |
Alter ego | Henry Camp |
Team affiliations | Wrecking Crew Masters of Evil United States Army Lethal Legion |
Abilities | Superhuman strength, durability and endurance Wears a specially-made armored helmet, neck and shoulder apparatus |
Henry Camp was born in Topeka, Kansas. He was a Master Sergeant in United States Army before being dishonorably discharged. Soon after he entered a life of crime and was later caught and sent to Ryker's Island Prison. He then became cellmates with Dirk Garthwaite, also known as The Wrecker.
Garthwaite, together with Camp and two other inmates at Ryker's Island Prison, Dr. Eliot Franklin and Brian Phillip Calusky, made a successful jailbreak and managed to locate his crowbar. Willing to share his power with his allies, The Wrecker had the three other convicts join him in holding onto the crowbar outside during an electrical storm. Lightning struck the crowbar, magically distributing the enchanted strength bestowed upon The Wrecker among the four of them. The Wrecker's three allies then adopted costumes and aliases as well: Franklin became Thunderball, Calusky became Piledriver, and Henry Camp became Bulldozer, constructing a special metal helmet for the occasion. Together the four superhumanly strong criminals became known as The Wrecking Crew, who were led by The Wrecker himself. The Wrecking Crew broke out of prison, and battled the Defenders while attempting to locate the Gamma Bomb.[1]
With the Wrecking Crew, Bulldozer next battled Captain America and Iron Fist while trying to lure Thor into battle.[2] The Wrecking Crew then did battle Thor.[3] The Wrecking Crew were among the various criminals taken to the Beyonder's Battleworld, including a number of super-powered criminals and superheroes. Bulldozer got the opportunity to face off against the Avengers, X-Men, Fantastic Four, and other superheroes. However, he and the rest of the Crew were soundly outmatched by the She-Hulk on one occasion.[4] The Wrecking Crew next battled Spider-Man and Spider-Woman II.[5] Along with the Wrecking Crew, Bulldozer next joined the fourth Masters of Evil, which attacked and took over Avengers Mansion. Bulldozer helped defeat the god Hercules in combat, but was drained of his superhuman powers by Thor.[6] He was freed from prison by the Wrecker, but without his superhuman powers he was defeated by Spider-Man and Spider-Woman.[7] With the Wrecking Crew, Camp freed the Wrecker and Ulik from prison from police custody. He regained his powers, and battled Hercules, Thor, Excalibur, Code: Blue, and Ghost Rider. His powers were then again drained by Loki.[8]
One of Bulldozer's more recent defeats came at the hands of the group known as the Runaways. This was during a rare bank job in Los Angeles, usually avoided by all supervillains as the Pride controlled that area for a time.
Unlike Thunderball, Bulldozer has remained steadfast in his loyalty to The Wrecker and has only been separated from The Wrecking Crew through various incarcerations in prison.
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The Hood has hired him as part of his criminal organization to take advantage of the split in the superhero community caused by the Superhuman Registration Act. He helps them fight the New Avengers but is taken down by Doctor Strange. Bulldozer later helps the Hood in fighting against the Skrulls.[9] He joins with the Hood's gang in an attack on the New Avengers, who were expecting the Dark Avengers instead.[10]
Bulldozer was mentioned to have died from an unknown cause and his daughter Marci becomes the new Bulldozer.[11]
During the Avengers: Standoff! storyline, Bulldozer turned up alive as one of the inmates of Pleasant Hill, a gated community established by S.H.I.E.L.D.[12]
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During the 'Search for Tony Stark' arc, Bulldozer and the Wrecking Crew rejoin Hood's gang as they attack Castle Doom. Bulldozer is defeated by Doctor Doom in his Iron Man armor.[13]
Marci Camp[edit]
Marci Camp is the daughter of Henry Camp. After her father had died from an unknown cause, Marci became the new Bulldozer.[11] As the new Bulldozer, Marci joins up with Wizard's Frightful Four where they attacked the Fantastic Four at Times Square under the orders of a mysterious benefactor.[14] Marci Camp and the rest of the Frightful Four are defeated by the Fantastic Four and are arrested by S.H.I.E.L.D.[11]
Powers and abilities[edit]
Due to exposure from the Asgardian magic in the Wrecker's crowbar, Henry Camp possesses superhuman strength and a high degree of imperviousness to harm. He can withstand high amounts of concussive force, and is virtually bulletproof. Bulldozer's power augmented his entire body, strengthening his bone, muscle, and flesh. Because of his particular talent (head-butting and ramming), he has greater strength in his neck, shoulders, and legs than the other members of the Wrecking Crew, with the exception of The Wrecker. His superhuman abilities are currently four times greater than when he originally shared the Wrecker's power, making him somewhat stronger than an average well-trained Asgardian male.[15] Bulldozer has a specially-made armored helmet, neck and shoulder apparatus that gives him added protection and invulnerability when ramming an opponent. The helmet partially affects his peripheral field-of-vision. He appears to have used several different versions of the helmet, varying from a simple skullcap to something akin to the Juggernaut's helmet. Bulldozer has basic U.S. Army training in hand-to-hand combat, though now he usually relies on butting with his helmeted head.
Marci Camp has the same abilities as her father, but not on the same level as he is.
Other versions[edit]
House of M: Masters of Evil[edit]
Bulldozer (alongside the other Wrecking Crew members) appear as members of Hood's Masters of Evil.[16] He is absorbed into Scramble's body when the Masters of Evil invade the Central American country of Santo Rico.[17]
Ultimate Marvel[edit]
Bulldozer works for some time as a law-abiding employee of the restoration firm called Damage Control. After the Wrecking Crew gain their powers, they take over the Flatiron Building and take hostages. Power Princess defeats the Crew.[18]
In other media[edit]
Television[edit]
- Bulldozer first appears in The Super Hero Squad Show episode 'To Err is Superhuman', voiced by Roger Rose.[19]
- Bulldozer appears in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes, voiced by James C. Mathis III. In 'Thor the Mighty,' Bulldozer assists his fellow Wrecking Crew members in attacking a shipment of devices bound for Stark Industries only to be defeated by Thor.
- Bulldozer appears in the Ultimate Spider-Man episode 'Damage', voiced by Kevin Michael Richardson.
- Bulldozer appears in Avengers Assemble episode 'Avengers: Impossible', voiced by Travis Willingham.
- Bulldozer appears in the Hulk and the Agents of S.M.A.S.H. episodes 'The Skaar Whisperer', and 'The Big Green Mile' voiced by Benjamin Diskin.[citation needed]
- Bulldozer appears in the anime Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers episode 'Mutant Girl Awakening', voiced by Toshitsugu Takashina.
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Video games[edit]
- Bulldozer appears as a sub-boss in the Sega Genesis version of the Spider-Man: Animated Series video game.
- Bulldozer (alongside his fellow Wrecking Crew members) appears in Marvel: Ultimate Alliance, voiced by James Arnold Taylor. He and the Wrecking Crew are seen guarding the gates at Bifrost Bridge, where they have special dialogue with Luke Cage. He is also a villain on Mister Fantastic's simulation disk which takes place at Arcade's Murderworld.
- Bulldozer is featured as a boss in the Facebook game Marvel: Avengers Alliance.
Toys[edit]
- Bulldozer was released in a two-pack with Thing in the fourth wave of Secret Wars figures from Hasbro's 3.75' Marvel Universe line.
References[edit]
- ^Defenders #17-19
- ^Iron Fist #11-12
- ^Thor #304
- ^Marvel Super-Heroes Secret Wars #1-12
- ^Spectacular Spider-Man #125
- ^Avengers #273-277
- ^Spectacular Spider-Man #126
- ^The Mighty Thor #418, 426-430
- ^Secret Invasion #6
- ^New Avengers #50
- ^ abcFantastic Four Vol. 5 #4
- ^Captain America: Sam Wilson #7
- ^Invincible Iron Man #597. Marvel Comics.
- ^Fantastic Four Vol. 5 #3
- ^Damage Control v.2, #1 (1989)
- ^House of M: Masters of Evil #1
- ^House of M: Masters of Evil #3
- ^Ultimate Hulk Annual #1 (2009)
- ^Comics Continuum
External links[edit]
- Bulldozer at Marvel.com